Definition of Surrogate Mother
A surrogate mother, also known as a gestational carrier, is a woman who carries a pregnancy for another person or couple. This arrangement is typically facilitated through relevant legal agreements and assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
Roles and Responsibilities
A surrogate mother agrees to undergo an embryo transfer, where an embryo created using the intended parents’ genetic material or donor gametes is implanted into her uterus. Once the pregnancy is established, the surrogate mother carries the baby to term and gives birth. After the birth, custody of the child is transferred to the intended parents.
Types of Surrogacy
There are two main types of surrogacy:
- Traditional Surrogacy: In this type, the surrogate mother uses her own eggs, making her the genetic mother of the child. Insemination is usually performed using the intended father’s sperm or donor sperm.
- Gestational Surrogacy: In gestational surrogacy, the surrogate mother does not contribute genetically to the child. Instead, an embryo created using the intended parents’ or donors’ genetic material is transferred to her uterus.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
The legality and regulation of surrogacy vary across different jurisdictions. It is essential for all parties involved to consult with legal professionals to establish comprehensive agreements that protect the rights and responsibilities of the intended parents, surrogate mother, and the child.
Conclusion
Surrogate mothers play a vital role in helping individuals or couples achieve their dream of having a child. Through medical procedures and legal arrangements, surrogate mothers provide the opportunity for intended parents to experience the joys of parenthood.