Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle Cell Anemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by abnormal, crescent-shaped red blood cells.

Causes

Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin gene, which leads to the production of abnormal hemoglobin known as hemoglobin S.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of Sickle Cell Anemia include:

  • Severe anemia
  • Painful episodes called “sickle cell crises”
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Increased susceptibility to infections
  • Delayed growth and puberty
  • Jaundice
  • Frequent urination

Treatment

Treatment options for Sickle Cell Anemia include:

  • Medications to manage pain and symptoms
  • Hydroxyurea to stimulate the production of fetal hemoglobin
  • Blood transfusions
  • Bone marrow transplant
  • Regular check-ups and disease management to prevent complications

Complications

Complications associated with Sickle Cell Anemia may include:

  • Stroke
  • Acute chest syndrome
  • Organ damage (e.g., kidneys, lungs)
  • Leg ulcers
  • Eye problems
  • Gallstones
  • Priapism in males
  • Pregnancy complications