Definition of Matrilineal

Matrilineal refers to a social structure or kinship system in which ancestry, inheritance, and familial ties are primarily traced through the female line. This means that lineage, property, and even decision-making powers are often passed down from one generation of women to the next.

Key Characteristics of Matrilineal Societies

Matrilineal societies typically exhibit the following characteristics:

• Descent: Lineage and family ties are typically traced through the female ancestors, such as the mother, grandmother, and so on.
• Inheritance: Property, titles, and other forms of wealth are often passed down to female descendants.
• Residence: Upon marriage, it is common for the husband to move into the wife’s household, continuing the matrilineal line.
• Authority: Women tend to hold significant decision-making power within the family and community.

Examples of Matrilineal Societies

Matrilineal systems are found in various cultures around the world. Some well-known examples include:

• The Minangkabau people of West Sumatra, Indonesia
• The Akan people of Ghana and Ivory Coast
• The Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia tribes of Meghalaya, India
• The Mosuo people of China
• The Hopi Native American tribe

In these societies, women often play a crucial role in maintaining the social and cultural fabric, and inheritance is passed down from mothers to daughters.