Major Depressive Disorder
Definition: Major Depressive Disorder, also referred to as clinical depression or simply depression, is a serious and common mental health disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
Symptoms:
- Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
- Significantly reduced interest or pleasure in all or almost all activities
- Significant weight loss or gain, or changes in appetite
- Insomnia or excessive sleeping
- Feelings of restlessness or being slowed down
- Fatigue or loss of energy
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- Difficulty in concentrating, making decisions, or thinking clearly
- Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempts
Causes:
- Genetic factors
- Brain chemistry imbalance
- Major life changes, such as trauma, loss, or stress
- Medical conditions, such as chronic illness
- Certain medications
- Substance abuse
Treatment:
Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder typically involves a combination of medications, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes. Antidepressant medications are often prescribed to help regulate brain chemistry, while therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), aims to reframe negative thoughts and behaviors. In severe cases, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be considered. It is important to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.