Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed by inserting a laparoscope, a thin tube with a camera and light source attached to it, through a small incision in the abdomen. It allows doctors to visualize, diagnose, and treat various conditions inside the abdominal cavity.
Procedure
During laparoscopy, the patient is placed under general anesthesia. Several small incisions, typically ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters in size, are made in the abdominal wall. Carbon dioxide gas is then pumped into the abdominal cavity to create space and improve visibility.
The laparoscope is inserted through one of the incisions, providing real-time images of the internal organs on a monitor. Additional surgical instruments can be introduced through the other incisions to carry out procedures such as tissue removal, organ biopsy, or surgical repairs.
Advantages
Laparoscopy offers several advantages over traditional open surgery. These include:
- Smaller incisions result in reduced scarring and lower risk of infection.
- Shorter recovery time and less postoperative pain.
- Reduced blood loss during the procedure.
- Improved visualization for the surgeon.
- Decreased hospital stay and overall healthcare cost.
Common Uses
Laparoscopy is employed in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions, including:
- Gallbladder diseases
- Endometriosis
- Hernias
- Appendicitis
- Fibroids
- Ovarian cysts
- Infertility
- Certain cancers