Lacunar Stroke
A lacunar stroke, also known as a lacunar infarct, is a type of stroke that occurs when there is a blockage or damage to one of the small arteries deep within the brain. These arteries are known as the penetrating arteries and are responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the deep structures of the brain.
Causes
The most common cause of a lacunar stroke is the buildup of fatty deposits and other substances in the arteries that supply blood to the brain. This buildup, known as atherosclerosis, can narrow or block the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and eventually causing a lacunar infarct.
Symptoms
The symptoms of a lacunar stroke can vary depending on the exact location and extent of the brain damage. However, common symptoms include:
- Weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg on one side of the body
- Trouble speaking or understanding speech
- Difficulty walking
- Loss of coordination or balance
- Changes in vision
Diagnosis
Diagnosing a lacunar stroke typically involves a combination of physical examination, review of medical history, and imaging tests such as:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Computed Tomography (CT) scan
- Doppler ultrasound
Treatment
Treatment for lacunar stroke focuses on preventing further damage and reducing the risk of future strokes. This may include:
- Antiplatelet medications to reduce blood clotting
- Blood pressure management
- Cholesterol-lowering medications
- Physical therapy or rehabilitation
It is essential to seek immediate medical attention if you suspect a lacunar stroke, as early treatment can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.