Lacrimal Ducts

Definition:

The lacrimal ducts, also known as tear ducts, are narrow passages located in the corner of each eye responsible for draining tears from the surface of the eyes into the nasal cavity.

Anatomy:

The lacrimal ducts consist of a series of interconnected tubular structures involved in the drainage of tears. They begin as tiny openings, called lacrimal puncta, which are located on the upper and lower eyelids near the inner corner of the eye. From there, the tears enter the lacrimal canaliculi, which are narrow canals that extend towards the lacrimal sac. The lacrimal sac is a small pouch-like structure that collects tears from the canaliculi and connects to the nasolacrimal duct. Finally, the nasolacrimal duct is the main drainage channel, leading from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity.

Function:

The lacrimal ducts play a crucial role in maintaining the moisture and lubrication of the eyes. Tears, which are composed of water, salts, mucus, and lysozymes, constantly bathe the surface of the eyes to keep them moist and protect them from foreign particles and infections. The excess tears are drained through the lacrimal ducts to prevent the eyes from overflowing with tears. When a person produces tears due to emotions, irritation, or eye infection, the lacrimal ducts ensure the tears are efficiently drained away from the eyes.

Common Conditions:

Various conditions can affect the lacrimal ducts, leading to disruptions in tear drainage. Some common conditions include:

  • Obstruction: Blockage or narrowing of the lacrimal ducts can result in excessive tearing, eye irritation, and even recurrent eye infections.
  • Infection: Inflammation or infection of the lacrimal ducts, commonly known as dacryocystitis, can cause pain, swelling, and discharge from the eyes.
  • Tear Duct Abnormalities: Certain congenital or acquired abnormalities can affect the structure or function of the lacrimal ducts, leading to tear-related issues.

It is important to seek medical attention if any problems with the lacrimal ducts are suspected, as proper evaluation and treatment can help restore normal tear drainage and alleviate associated symptoms.