Definition:

Kantianism is a philosophical theory developed by Immanuel Kant, a prominent 18th-century German philosopher. It is grounded in the belief that moral principles should be based on reason and universal ethics.

Subtitles:

Key Principles:

Kantianism emphasizes the importance of following moral principles that can be universally applied without exception. These principles are derived from rationality rather than personal desires or consequences.

Categorical Imperative:

A central concept of Kantianism is the idea of the categorical imperative. This principle suggests that individuals should act according to moral rules that they would want all people to follow in similar circumstances, regardless of personal desires or interests.

Autonomy and Rationality:

Kantianism values individual autonomy and rationality. It emphasizes that individuals have the capacity to reason and make moral decisions based on universal principles, rather than relying on external authorities or subjective inclinations.

Duty and Good Will:

Kantianism places great importance on the notion of duty, asserting that individuals have a moral obligation to act in accordance with rational principles. Furthermore, Kant believed that the motive behind moral actions should be driven by a “good will” rather than self-interest.

Universalizability and Respect for Persons:

Kantianism stresses the idea of treating all individuals as ends in themselves and not merely as means to achieve personal goals. This principle of respect for persons is linked to the universalizability of moral principles, ensuring fairness and equality for all.

Deontological Ethics:

Kantianism falls under the category of deontological ethics, which means it focuses on the moral duties and obligations rather than the consequences of actions. According to Kant, the morality of an action is determined by the intention behind it, rather than its outcomes.