General Adaptation Syndrome
Definition:
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) refers to the physiological response that occurs in individuals when they are exposed to prolonged stressors. This response involves a series of stages which include alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion.
Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome:
- Alarm Reaction: This is the initial stage of GAS where the body recognizes and responds to the stressor. The sympathetic nervous system becomes activated, leading to the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. This results in various physiological changes to prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response.
- Resistance: During this stage, if the stressor persists, the body attempts to adapt and cope with the ongoing stress. The body gradually returns to a state of equilibrium, and physiological functions normalize to some extent. The release of stress hormones decreases, but the body remains on high alert to respond to the stressor.
- Exhaustion: If the stressor continues for an extended period without relief, the body’s resources become depleted, leading to exhaustion. Physical and psychological symptoms may become more prominent. The body’s ability to cope with additional stressors becomes compromised, increasing the risk of health problems.
Understanding GAS is essential for managing stress and preventing long-term negative effects on both physical and mental health. By recognizing the various stages and employing effective coping strategies, individuals can better adapt and maintain overall well-being.