Definition of Fundamental Frequency:

The fundamental frequency, also known as the first harmonic, is the lowest frequency produced by an oscillating object or system. It is the natural frequency at which an object vibrates or resonates when it is in its most basic or fundamental state.

Key Points:

• The fundamental frequency is an essential concept in acoustics and is commonly used in music theory and signal processing.
• It determines the perceived pitch of a sound and is directly related to the physical characteristics of the vibrating object.
• Mathematically, the fundamental frequency corresponds to the lowest frequency component in a complex waveform.
• For a vibrating string or column of air, the fundamental frequency is determined by its length, tension, and mass.
• Harmonics or overtones, which are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency, can also be present in the sound produced by an object.