Definition of Febrile Delirium:

Febrile Delirium refers to a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by acute mental status changes, confusion, and agitation, which occur as a result of an elevated body temperature.

Causes:

The underlying causes of febrile delirium can vary and may include:

  • Infections: Such as severe bacterial or viral infections, meningitis, or urinary tract infections
  • Drug reactions: Adverse reactions to certain medications or substance abuse
  • Extreme physical exertion: Intense exercise or exertion in high temperatures
  • Neurological disorders: Conditions affecting the brain, such as seizures or epilepsy
  • Metabolic disturbances: Electrolyte imbalances, thyroid disorders, or liver and kidney dysfunction

Symptoms:

Febrile delirium often presents with the following symptoms:

  • Hyperthermia: Elevated body temperature above 101°F (38.3°C)
  • Altered mental status: Confusion, disorientation, or inability to focus
  • Agitation and restlessness: Extreme irritability and restless behavior
  • Delusions and hallucinations: False beliefs and sensory perceptions that are not based in reality
  • Increased heart rate: Tachycardia or rapid heartbeat
  • Excessive sweating: Profuse sweating and hot, flushed skin
  • Rapid breathing: Tachypnea or increased respiratory rate
  • Dehydration: Decreased urine output and dry mucous membranes

Treatment:

Immediate medical attention is crucial for individuals with febrile delirium. The treatment focuses on:

  • Cooling the body temperature: Using cooling blankets, ice packs, or cool baths to reduce fever
  • Fluid and electrolyte replacement: Administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and correct imbalances
  • Monitoring and supportive care: Continuous monitoring of vital signs, oxygen levels, and providing supportive care to manage symptoms
  • Treating the underlying cause: Addressing the root cause, such as administering appropriate antibiotics for infections or adjusting medications

It is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of febrile delirium.