Failure To Thrive

Definition:

Failure to Thrive (FTT), also known as faltering growth, refers to children who experience insufficient weight gain or growth below the expected pattern for their age and sex. It is often used to describe a delay in physical development and is commonly observed in infants and young children.

Causes:

  • Medical conditions: Chronic illnesses, gastrointestinal disorders, endocrine abnormalities, heart disease, or infections can affect a child’s ability to thrive.
  • Feeding difficulties: Difficulties with sucking, swallowing, or digesting food can contribute to FTT.
  • Environmental factors: Neglect, parental deprivation, inadequate nutrition, or lack of stimulation can hinder a child’s growth.
  • Psychological factors: Emotional or psychological stress within the family can have an impact on a child’s well-being and growth.

Symptoms:

  • Persistent slow weight gain or weight loss
  • Failure to reach developmental milestones within the expected time frame
  • Poor appetite
  • Decreased energy levels and lethargy
  • Muscle weakness or wasting
  • Delayed or impaired social, emotional, or cognitive skills

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing FTT involves assessing the child’s growth pattern, conducting a thorough physical examination, reviewing medical history, and considering environmental factors and caregiver-child interaction. Additional tests may be conducted to identify any underlying medical conditions.

Treatment:

The treatment approach depends on the underlying cause of FTT. It may include:

  • Optimizing nutrition through a balanced and nutritious diet
  • Addressing any medical conditions or infections
  • Providing emotional support and addressing any psychological factors
  • Encouraging parent-child interaction and providing education on proper caregiving practices

Prognosis:

The prognosis for children with Failure to Thrive varies depending on the severity of the condition, the effectiveness of treatment, and the presence of any underlying medical or psychological factors. Early identification and intervention typically yield better outcomes.