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- Evolution
- A process of gradual change and development over time.
- Natural Selection
- A mechanism of evolution that occurs when certain traits enable individuals to better survive and reproduce in a particular environment, leading to the increased prevalence of those traits in the population over time.
- Adaptation
- The process by which organisms adjust to their environment through genetic, behavioral, or physiological changes to increase their chances of survival and reproduction.
- Speciation
- The formation of new and distinct species through the evolutionary process, typically resulting from isolated populations that accumulate enough genetic differences to become reproductively incompatible.
- Genetic Variation
- The diversity of genetic material within a population or species, which arises from mutations, genetic recombinations, and genetic drift, serving as the raw material for natural selection and evolution.
- Mutation
- A permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism’s genome, which can introduce new genetic variations into a population and play a crucial role in the evolutionary process.
- Gene Flow
- The transfer of genetic material from one population to another through migration, which can introduce new alleles and increase genetic diversity within populations.
- Genetic Drift
- A random change in the frequency of certain alleles in a population over successive generations, typically caused by chance events, which can lead to the loss or fixation of specific traits.
