Etic:
Definition:
Etic refers to a research approach or perspective that involves studying a culture, society, or phenomenon from an outsider’s viewpoint. It emphasizes the objective observation and analysis of behaviors, practices, and beliefs without incorporating the subjective experience or cultural context of the individuals being studied.
Characteristics of the Etic Approach:
- External Perspective: Etic researchers adopt an external viewpoint to understand the phenomena, looking at them from the standpoint of an observer rather than a participant.
- Objective Analysis: This approach aims to maintain objectivity by employing systematic and scientific methods to analyze and interpret data collected.
- Cross-Cultural Comparison: Etic research often involves the comparison of multiple cultures or societies to identify patterns, similarities, or differences in behaviors and practices.
- Generalizability: As the Etic approach strives for objectivity and universality, it aims to generate findings that can be applied to a broader population or context.
Example:
In a study on parenting practices around the world, an Etic researcher might objectively observe and compare disciplinary methods employed by parents in different cultures, focusing on their outcomes rather than the cultural or individual nuances.