Down Syndrome:

Down Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.

Causes:

The most common cause of Down Syndrome is known as non-disjunction, where an error in cell division results in an extra chromosome 21. This error can occur during the formation of an egg or sperm, or soon after fertilization.

Symptoms:

Individuals with Down Syndrome often have characteristic physical features such as slanted eyes, a flat facial profile, and a small nose. They may also experience intellectual and developmental delays, as well as certain medical conditions such as heart defects, hearing and vision problems, and thyroid issues.

Treatment:

Treatment for Down Syndrome primarily focuses on managing the associated medical conditions, providing early intervention and special education to promote development and learning, and offering support for individuals and their families.