Cholinergic

Definition:

Cholinergic refers to the transmission or activation of the cholinergic system, which involves the release, reception, or interaction with the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Key Points:

• Cholinergic activity is mediated by the binding of acetylcholine to specific receptors called cholinergic receptors.
• The cholinergic system plays a crucial role in various physiological processes including muscle contraction, cognition, memory, mood regulation, and autonomic functions.
• Cholinergic drugs, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, enhance cholinergic neurotransmission and are used to treat conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, myasthenia gravis, and glaucoma.
• Cholinergic neurons are primarily found in the basal forebrain, brainstem, and peripheral ganglia.
• Imbalances in cholinergic neurotransmission have been implicated in several neurological disorders, psychiatric conditions, and autonomic dysfunctions.

Examples:

• Stimulation of cholinergic receptors by acetylcholine leads to increased salivation and sweating.
• The administration of a cholinergic drug can improve memory and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
• Cholinergic neurons in the autonomic ganglia regulate the function of smooth muscles.