Definition of Confounding Variable A confounding variable is an extraneous variable that affects both the independent and dependent variables in a study, leading to a misleading or inaccurate interpretation of the relationship between them. Importance in Research Confounding variables pose a significant challenge in research as they can distort the true impact of the independent […]
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Definition of Confound verb (transitive) To confuse or perplex; to cause someone to be unable to think clearly or understand something. Examples: The complex instructions confounded the students, resulting in many mistakes. Her contradictory statements confounded everyone present at the meeting. The unexpected turn of events confounded the investigators. adjective Baffling or difficult to understand.
Conformity refers to the act of adjusting one’s thoughts, behaviors, and attitudes to align with the prevailing norms or expectations within a particular social group. Conformity can be categorized into three main types: Compliance: Compliance occurs when an individual outwardly complies with the group’s norms and expectations without necessarily adopting them internally. It involves superficial
Conflict Conflict refers to a clash or disagreement between two or more parties, either individuals or groups, arising from incompatible goals, values, interests, or opinions. It is a common occurrence in various settings such as personal relationships, workplaces, communities, and international relations. Nature of Conflict Conflicts can take on diverse forms, ranging from mild disagreements
Confirmation Bias Confirmation bias refers to the tendency of individuals to interpret information in a way that supports their preexisting beliefs, while disregarding or downplaying contradictory evidence. It is a cognitive bias that often leads to biased thinking and decision-making.
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Configural An adjective used to describe a form of perception or cognition that involves the integration or apprehension of the configuration or whole pattern of a stimulus or set of stimuli, rather than focusing on individual elements or parts.
Confidentiality Confidentiality refers to the practice of keeping sensitive information private and protected from unauthorized access, disclosure, or use. It involves maintaining the confidentiality of data or any other valuable asset by limiting access to only authorized individuals or entities. Purpose of Confidentiality The purpose of confidentiality is to ensure that sensitive and private information
Confidence Limits Definition: Confidence limits refer to the range of values within which a population parameter is estimated to lie based on sample data. Explanation Confidence limits provide a measure of uncertainty or variability associated with estimating population parameters from a sample. They are typically used in statistical inference to quantify the level of confidence
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Confidence Interval: A confidence interval is a statistical measure that provides an estimate of the range within which the true value of a population parameter is likely to fall. It is expressed as an interval around a sample statistic and is widely used in hypothesis testing and estimation. Importance of Confidence Interval: Confidence intervals are
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Confederate A Confederate refers to a person or group that is a part of, supports, or is affiliated with the Confederate States of America, which was a collection of states that seceded from the United States during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Meaning Confederate can have the following meanings: A citizen or soldier from the
