Psychological Concepts

Defensive Attribution Hypothesis The Defensive Attribution Hypothesis is a psychological theory that seeks to explain how individuals attribute the cause of events and outcomes, particularly in situations where negative or unforeseen events occur. This hypothesis posits that people tend to engage in defensive attributions as a way to protect their self-esteem and maintain a positive […]

Defensive Attribution Bias Defensive Attribution Bias refers to the cognitive bias where individuals tend to attribute their successes to internal factors, such as skill, ability, or effort, while attributing their failures or negative outcomes to external factors that are beyond their control. Explanation When faced with negative outcomes or failures, individuals are inclined to protect

Definition of Defensive Attribution Defensive Attribution, also known as self-serving bias or the self-serving attribution bias, is a psychological phenomenon that refers to the tendency of individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors while attributing their failures to external factors. This bias allows individuals to protect their self-esteem and maintain a positive self-image. Explanation

Defensive Aggression Definition: Defensive aggression refers to a behavioral response exhibited by an individual or an organism as a means of protecting themselves from perceived threats or harm. It is a defensive mechanism that is activated when an individual feels endangered or under attack. Characteristics of Defensive Aggression: Reactive: Defensive aggression is typically reactive in

Defense Mechanism A defense mechanism is a psychological strategy that an individual unconsciously employs to cope with perceived threats, conflicts, or distressing situations in order to protect their ego or self-esteem. Types of Defense Mechanisms: Repression: Unconscious blocking of undesirable thoughts, memories, or impulses from conscious awareness. Denial: Refusal to acknowledge or accept a distressing

Definition of Defectology: Defectology is a field that focuses on the study and understanding of various developmental, cognitive, and behavioral disabilities or disorders that affect individuals across different age groups. It involves the examination, assessment, and treatment of these disabilities, aiming to enhance individuals’ overall functioning and quality of life. Subfields within Defectology: Developmental Defectology:

Definition: The defecation reflex, also known as the rectosphincteric reflex, is an involuntary physiological response in which the body initiates the elimination of feces from the rectum through the anus. Process: The defecation reflex involves a series of coordinated muscular contractions and relaxations that occur in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the rectum and anal sphincter

Defeatism Definition: Defeatism refers to a mindset or attitude characterized by extreme pessimism, resignation, and a lack of motivation or effort in the face of challenges or adversity. It is a belief or feeling that success or victory is impossible to achieve, leading to a passive acceptance of defeat. Characteristics of Defeatism 1. Pessimism: Defeatism

Defeasability Definition: In logic and philosophy, defeasability refers to the quality of a statement or argument that allows it to be rendered false or invalid by the emergence of new information, evidence, or circumstances. Characteristics of Defeasability 1. Conditional Nature: Defeasibility is inherently conditional, meaning that the truth or validity of a statement or argument

Default Mode Network (DMN) The Default Mode Network (DMN) is a network of brain regions that are active when an individual is in a resting-state or not involved in any specific task. It encompasses a set of interconnected brain regions that exhibit consistent patterns of activity during states of wakeful rest and mind wandering. The