Biologism

Definition: Biologism is a viewpoint that ascribes a primary or exclusive role to biology in explaining human behavior, characteristics, and social phenomena.

Key Points:

• Biology-centered Explanation: Biologism posits that biological factors, such as genetics, hormones, or evolutionary processes, are the primary drivers of human behavior and social dynamics.
• Reductionist Perspective: Biologism tends to simplify complex human phenomena by reducing them to biological determinants, neglecting the influence of cultural, environmental, and psychological factors.
• Overemphasis on Innate Qualities: Biologism tends to overemphasize inherent qualities and traits, assuming they are predominantly determined by biological factors and less influenced by external factors.
• Controversies and Criticisms: Biologism has faced criticism for oversimplification, potential misuse, and for perpetuating stereotypes due to its narrow focus on biology, often disregarding the socially constructed nature of various aspects of human life.
• Interdisciplinary Perspectives: Many scholars argue for an integrative approach that acknowledges the contribution of multiple disciplines, including biology, sociology, psychology, and anthropology, to understand human behavior holistically.