Adrenocorticoid

An adrenocorticoid refers to any of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, which is the outer portion of the adrenal gland. These hormones are important in regulating various physiological functions and are classified into two main categories: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.

Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids are a type of adrenocorticoid hormone that play a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism, immune responses, and inflammation. The most well-known glucocorticoid is cortisol, which helps the body respond to stress by increasing blood sugar levels and suppressing immune system activity.

Mineralocorticoids

Mineralocorticoids are another type of adrenocorticoid hormone that primarily influence the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance. The main mineralocorticoid is aldosterone, which acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium and potassium levels in the body. It helps maintain blood pressure and plays a vital role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Adrenocorticoid Disorders

Adrenocorticoid disorders can occur when there is underproduction or overproduction of adrenocorticoid hormones. Conditions such as Addison’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome are examples of disorders that affect the adrenal cortex, leading to hormonal imbalances and various symptoms.