Acetaldehyde

Definition:

Acetaldehyde is a colorless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH3CHO. It is one of the simplest aldehydes, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) bonded to a carbonyl group (C=O).

Properties:

  • Molecular Formula: CH3CHO
  • Molar Mass: 44.05 g/mol
  • Physical State: Liquid
  • Color: Colorless
  • Odor: Pungent, fruity, or sweet

Occurrence:

Acetaldehyde can be found naturally in various fruits, ripe fruits, coffee, bread, and heated milk. It is also produced during the oxidation of ethanol by certain enzymes in the liver.

Synthesis:

Acetaldehyde can be synthesized through various methods, including:

  1. Oxidation of ethanol using an oxidizing agent like potassium dichromate
  2. Dehydrogenation of ethanol over a copper catalyst
  3. Hydration of acetylene

Uses:

  • Acetaldehyde is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, such as acetic acid, pyridine, pentaerythritol, and various plastics.
  • It is an important flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry, providing fruity or green apple notes.
  • Acetaldehyde is used in the production of resins, dyes, perfumes, and pharmaceuticals.
  • It is also employed as a disinfectant and preservative in the medical field.