Absence Seizure

An absence seizure, also known as petit mal seizure, is a type of generalized seizure characterized by a sudden and temporary alteration in consciousness.

Symptoms

• Blank stare or vacant expression
• Temporary loss of awareness
• Unresponsiveness
• Automatic movements, such as lip-smacking or blinking
• Fluttering eyelids

Duration

Absence seizures typically last for just a few seconds, rarely exceeding 20 seconds. The person experiencing the seizure may be unaware of the seizure occurring and may not remember the episode afterward.

Causes

The exact cause of absence seizures is unknown. However, they are believed to be related to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

Distinguishing Absence Seizures from Other Seizure Types

Absence seizures can be distinguished from other seizure types based on their distinct characteristics:

• Abrupt onset and offset
• No convulsions or jerking movements
• Short duration
• Altered consciousness without loss of muscle tone

Treatment

Medication is typically the primary treatment for absence seizures. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), such as ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine, are commonly prescribed to control and reduce the frequency of absence seizures.

It is important for individuals with absence seizures to regularly consult with a healthcare professional to ensure effective management of the condition.