3 Sins of Distortion

Definition

Distortion, in the field of psychology, refers to the process of altering or misinterpreting information, events, or experiences according to one’s own beliefs, biases, or expectations. It is a common human tendency to distort reality, often unconsciously, in order to protect our ego, satisfy our desires, or reinforce our preconceived notions.

1. Confirmation Bias: The Quest for Validation

Confirmation bias is a cognitive distortion that occurs when individuals seek out or interpret information in a way that confirms their existing beliefs or theories, while ignoring or dismissing conflicting evidence. This bias can lead to a skewed understanding of reality, as it hinders critical thinking and objective analysis.

For example, imagine a person who strongly believes in the existence of extraterrestrial life. They may actively search for and emphasize any news, reports, or anecdotes that support their belief, while disregarding or downplaying evidence to the contrary. This bias reinforces their conviction, even if the evidence may be inconclusive or unverifiable.

2. Subjective Validation: Finding Meaning in Coincidence

Subjective validation is the tendency to interpret vague or general information in a way that personalizes it and assigns it a specific meaning. This cognitive distortion often manifests in the form of superstitions, astrology, or psychic readings, where individuals perceive connections or significance in events that are purely coincidental.

For instance, someone who reads their daily horoscope may find that it broadly resonates with their personal experiences or emotions, leading them to believe in the accuracy of astrology. They may attribute chance occurrences or vague statements as validation of the horoscope’s accuracy, even though the predictions are often generalized and applicable to a wide range of individuals.

3. Selective Memory: Distorting the Past

Selective memory is the process by which individuals remember or recall events in a way that aligns with their current views, emotions, or biases. This distortion can lead to the revision of past experiences and the alteration of memories, often unknowingly.

For example, imagine someone who had a difficult relationship with their parent. Over time, due to the emotional impact and subjective perceptions, they may primarily remember instances when their parent behaved negatively, while conveniently forgetting or downplaying positive interactions. This selective memory reinforces their negative view of their parent and can perpetuate conflict and resentment.

In Conclusion

Distortion is a natural cognitive process that can shape our understanding of reality. By being mindful of the 3 sins of distortion – confirmation bias, subjective validation, and selective memory – we can strive to minimize their influence on our thoughts and actions. Developing critical thinking skills, seeking diverse perspectives, and being open to reevaluating our beliefs are essential in fostering a more accurate perception of the world.